@article{NI2023,
	abstract = {Background
Tree nuts and peanuts (henceforth, nuts) are nutrient-dense foods rich in neuroprotective components; thus, their consumption could benefit cognitive health. However, evidence to date is limited and inconsistent regarding the potential benefits of nuts for cognitive function.
Objective
To prospectively evaluate the association between nut consumption and 2-y changes in cognitive performance in older adults at cognitive decline risk.
Methods
A total of 6,630 participants aged 55 to 75 y (mean age 65.0$\pm$4.9 y, 48.4% women) with overweight/obesity and metabolic syndrome completed a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire and a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests at baseline and a 2-y follow-up. Composite cognitive scores were used to assess global, general, attention, and executive function domains. Nut consumption was categorized as <1, ≥1 to <3, ≥3 to <7, and ≥7 servings/wk (1 serving=30 g). Multivariable-adjusted linear regression models were fitted to assess associations between baseline nut consumption and 2-y cognitive changes.
Results
Nut consumption was positively associated with 2-y changes in general cognitive function (P-trend <0.001). Compared with participants consuming <1 serving/wk of nuts, those categorized as consuming ≥3 to <7 and ≥7 servings/wk showed more favorable changes in general cognitive performance (β z-score [95% CI] = 0.06 [0.00,0.12] and 0.13 [0.06,0.20], respectively). No significant changes were observed in the multivariable-adjusted models for other cognitive domains assessed.
Conclusion
Frequent nut consumption was associated with a smaller decline in general cognitive performance over 2 y in older adults at risk of cognitive decline. Randomized clinical trials to verify our findings are warranted.},
	author = {Jiaqi Ni and Stephanie K. Nishi and Nancy Babio and Emilio Ros and F Javier Basterra-Gortari and Dolores Corella and Casta{\~n}er O and J Alfredo Mart{\'\i}nez and {\'A}ngel M. Alonso-G{\'o}mez and Julia W{\"a}rnberg and Jes{\'u}s Vioque and Dora Romaguera and Jos{\'e} L{\'o}pez-Miranda and Ramon Estruch and Francisco J. Tinahones and Jos{\'e} Manuel Santos-Lozano and Llu{\'\i}s Serra-Majem and Naomi Cano-Ib{\'a}{\~n}ez and Josep A. Tur and Jos{\'e} Manuel Fern{\'a}ndez-Garc{\'\i}a and Xavier Pint{\'o} and Miguel Delgado-Rodr{\'\i}guez and Pilar Mat{\'\i}a-Mart{\'\i}n and Josep Vidal and Clotilde V{\'a}zquez and Lidia Daimiel and Fernando Fern{\'a}ndez-Aranda and Miguel Ruiz-Canela and Cristina {Mestres Sol{\`a}} and Olga Portol{\'e}s and Aleix Sala-Vila and Antonio Garcia-Rios and Laura Mar{\'\i}a Compa{\~n}-Gabucio and Enrique G{\'o}mez-Gracia and M Angeles Zulet and Alice Chaplin and Rosa Casas and Silvia Mart{\'\i}nez-Diz and Lucas Tojal-Sierra and Ana Mar{\'\i}a G{\'o}mez-P{\'e}rez and Estefan{\'\i}a Toledo and Santiago Rios and Carolina Ortega-Azor{\'\i}n and Rafael {de la Torre} and Patricia J. Pe{\~n}a-Orihuela and Manuela {Garcia-de la Hera} and Carmen Say{\'o}n-Orea and Mireia Malcampo and Jordi Salas-Salvad{\'o}},
	date-added = {2023-06-28 21:18:48 +0100},
	date-modified = {2023-06-28 21:19:24 +0100},
	doi = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.05.032},
	issn = {0002-9165},
	journal = {The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition},
	keywords = {Nuts,},
	title = {Higher versus lower nut consumption and changes in cognitive performance over two years in a population at risk of cognitive decline: a cohort study},
	url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S000291652365960X},
	year = {2023},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S000291652365960X},
	bdsk-url-2 = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.05.032}}